carbon budgets and the data of NECPs (National Energy and Climate Plans) and LTRSs (Long Term Renovation Strategies). Carbon removal and potential overshoot is not addressed. Qualitative analysis substituted quantitative where the modelling was not available. Roadmaps for Netherlands, Finland, France, UK and Ireland stipulate a reporting target timeline of 2023–2024, while roadmaps for Germany, Italy, Spain and Poland stipulate a timeline of 2025–2030. Roadmaps for Finland, Ireland, Germany, UK and Poland stipulate whole life carbon (WLC), embodied carbon (EC) and operation carbon (OC) targets for assets should be set by 2023–2025. Policy recommendations On the policy side, national priorities in legislation and incentives need to shift to building stock renovation and material use reduction. National target setting for OC, EC and WLC needs to be accelerated. Industry recommendations On the industry side, WLC attitude and reporting should be adopted not only by industry leaders, but all actors. The whole range of WLC reduction needs to be accelerated. Advancement in material reduction and circularity, EPD disclosures and low–carbon materials is needed. 5
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